Is FIP contagious? FCoV transmission and prevention

FCoV exposure is not an FIP diagnosis

Feline coronavirus (FCoV) is common and spreads mainly by the faecal–oral route. Classic FIP is generally understood to develop when viral factors within an infected cat interact with that cat’s immune response. A positive FCoV result therefore does not mean that a cat has FIP.

Cornell explains that FCoV is contagious, while FIP-associated virus is not generally believed to pass directly between cats. Research into new strains and unusual outbreaks continues, so a veterinarian should assess any specific cluster of illness.

Lower infection pressure in a multi-cat home

• Provide one litter tray per cat, plus one extra, in separate locations
• Remove faeces at least twice daily and clean trays regularly
• Keep litter trays away from food and water
• Avoid crowding and frequent changes to social groups
• Reduce stress around adoption, boarding, moving and surgery

If a housemate is diagnosed with FIP

Do not assume that every housemate has FIP or give preventive medication without veterinary direction. Monitor weight, appetite, activity and fever, and tell the veterinarian about the household. A single antibody test or faecal PCR cannot predict whether an individual cat will later develop FIP.

Vaccines and genetic tests

Cornell notes that the effectiveness of the available FIP vaccine is questionable and it is not routinely recommended. ABCD guidance does not recommend commercial genetic tests claiming to identify FIP resistance as a basis for breeding decisions. Discuss an individual vaccination plan with a veterinarian.